Saturday, April 17, 2010

Re: [MW:4839] Digest for materials-welding@googlegroups.com - 15 Messages in 7 Topics

Hi Shashank,
Density difference on the radiographs are helpful to accept/reject the radiographs, priamarily determines the quality of radiographs.
But, Evaluation of weld defects by Density difference on the radiographs is not recommended in any Standards.
Regards,
S.Baskaran

On Sat, Apr 17, 2010 at 7:05 AM, <materials-welding+noreply@googlegroups.com> wrote:

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    "Sam Malemela" <smalemela@spc.co.za> Apr 16 09:55AM +0200 ^
     
    Hi Shashank,
     

     
    There are guidelines for acceptance of developed film density depending on
    the Code you are using. Some codes are calling for 1.8 - 4.0 being
    acceptable density ranges within which reasonable interpretation and
    disposition of imperfections can be executed safely.
     

     
    Some codes however call for a Radiographic film density of 2-3.
     
    If you are interpreting to a code of specification, make your ruling within
    the parameters provided for in the Governing code of specification.
     

     
    The bottom line is whether the image you are looking at is reasonably
    visible to your eye aided or not to enable you to Accept or Reject it? Can
    you see what you are expected to see without any doubt that the image is not
    good enough to enable you to make a decision.
     

     
    The densities you are providing are within the range for 1.8 - 4.0.
     

     
    Regards,
     

     
    NS MALEMELA
     
    Contracts & Quality Manager [Special Projects]
     
    Southern Pipeline Contractors
     
    TEL:(011) 914-8519
     
    FAX:(011) 914-4524
     
    082 389 2592 Cell
     
    smalemela@spc.co.za
     

     
    From: materials-welding@googlegroups.com
    [mailto:materials-welding@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of Declan Foley
    Sent: Thursday, April 15, 2010 10:59 PM
    To: materials-welding@googlegroups.com
    Subject: Re: [MW:4819] Radiographic film interpretation
     

     
    Never heard of one. I'm sure there are plenty of people on this forum like
    me who have vast experience of viewing & interpreting radiographs. Any
    chance you could take a photo (of the radiograph) and post it here?
     
    Declan
     
    On 15/04/2010 15:46, Shashank Vagal wrote:
     
     
    Hi all,
     
    In one RT film we have a 10-12 mm spot with density 3.13. The weld density
    is 3.17 and the parent metal density is 3.3. It is apparently interpass LoF
    in the 2nd fill pass after hot pass (confirmed by UT, where the indication
    ht is approx 20%of DAC). Is there any or what is the criteria for
    acceptance/rejection based on density difference?
     
    Rgds,
     
    Shashank Vagal
     
     
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    "Muzib_ur_Rahuman." <muziqaqc@gmail.com> Apr 16 11:34AM +0800 ^
     
    Dear,
     
     
     
    Shashank Vagal.
     
    Refer ASME sec V article 2, T 282.2 page 14
     
     
    T-282.2 Density Variation
    (a) General. If the density of the radiograph anywhere
    through the area of interest varies by more than minus
    15% or plus 30% from the density through the body of
    the hole IQI or adjacent to the designated wire of a wire
    IQI, within the minimum/maximum allowable density
    ranges specified in T-282.1, then an additional IQI shall be
    used for each exceptional area or areas and the radiograph
    retaken. When calculating the allowable variation in density,
    the calculation may be rounded to the nearest 0.1
    within the range specified in T-282.1.
    (b) With Shims. When shims are used with hole-type
    IQIs, the plus 30% density restriction of (a)
     
    pl review
     
    > meant for educational purposes only, Users must take their own decisions
    > w.r.t. applicable code/standard/contract documents.
     
    > To unsubscribe, reply using "remove me" as the subject.
     
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    Mircea Raican <mircearaican@yahoo.com> Apr 16 04:45AM -0700 ^
     
     
    If your radiographic density determinations are correct, result a slight negative radiographic contrast (-0.04, very close of the  threshold of human eye perception: 0.02).
    This means to evaluate the following possible imperfections:
    1. weld:
        a. metallic inclusions (tungsten or copper,depending the welding process);
        b. weld spatter;
        c. a small higher thickness.
    2. film handling and manipulation (artifacts).
     
    All the other imperfections possible in welds create a positive radiographic contrast (including LoF).
     
    Imperfections 1.b); c) and 2. can be easy verified by VT of weld  or viewing, by reflexion, the surface of the film.
    Imperfection 1.a):
    - tungsten inclusion, specific for TIGW, creates a high negative contrast indication (> - 0.2, depending the radiation source energy) and can not be considered.
    -copper inclusion create a small negative contrast indication (a little higher specific weight than steel) and can be considered.
    There are not acceptance criteria depending the contrast. This helps, only,  for imperfection (discontinuity) diagnosis.
    A UT discontinuity indication of 20 % DAC (DAC-14 dB) is not important (considered, for example, by EN 1713 as insignificant and by ASME VIII, app. 12 at the upper limit of non-evaluation), so could be associated to the upper mentioned copper inclusion.
     
       
     
     
     
    --- On Thu, 4/15/10, Shashank Vagal <nach_sam@yahoo.com> wrote:
     
     
    From: Shashank Vagal <nach_sam@yahoo.com>
    Subject: [MW:4850] Radiographic film interpretation
    To: materials-welding@googlegroups.com
    Date: Thursday, April 15, 2010, 5:46 PM
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Hi all,
    In one RT film we have a 10-12 mm spot with density 3.13. The weld density is 3.17 and the parent metal density is 3.3. It is apparently interpass LoF in the 2nd fill pass after hot pass (confirmed by UT, where the indication ht is approx 20%of DAC). Is there any or what is the criteria for acceptance/rejection based on density difference?
    Rgds,
    Shashank Vagal
     
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    "PEMMARAJU RAGHAVENDRA" <rpe@hzw.ltindia.com> Apr 17 08:38AM +0530 ^
     
    pl.let us know what is the reference standard and Code for acceptance criteria to be applied on this radiograph.
     
    As per ASME, the same goes for rejection as the indication is planar in nature and there is no tolerance for planar defects.
     
    Also pl.do mention what is the joint nature and thickness of the weld under test.
     
    Regards,
     
    Larsen & Toubro Limited
    www.larsentoubro.com
     
    This Email may contain confidential or privileged information for the intended recipient (s) If you are not the intended recipient, please do not use or disseminate the information, notify the sender and delete it from your system.
     
    >>> Shashank Vagal <nach_sam@yahoo.com> 15/04/2010 08:16 pm >>>
    Hi all,
    In one RT film we have a 10-12 mm spot with density 3.13. The weld density is 3.17 and the parent metal density is 3.3. It is apparently interpass LoF in the 2nd fill pass after hot pass (confirmed by UT, where the indication ht is approx 20%of DAC). Is there any or what is the criteria for acceptance/rejection based on density difference?
    Rgds,
    Shashank Vagal
     
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    BHARAT GOLE <bharatgole@hotmail.com> Apr 17 09:15AM +0530 ^
     
    As per ASME section VIII Div 1 Appendix 4 clause 4-3 Density within image of the indication may vary and is not criterion for acceptance or rejection.
    However acceptance or rejection will be based on size, spacing, concentration and type of indication etc.
     
    If indication is conformed as LOF as per UT apart from 20% DAC then its not acceptable as per ASME Section VIII but certain length of Inter pass LOF is acceptable as per API 1104 So its depend upon code of constrruction.
     
    But there is no creteria for acceptance or rejection based on density difference Only Root concvity & undercuts will be accepted or rejected based on density differnece.
     
    Regards
     
    Bharat B. Gole
     
     
     
     
     
    Date: Thu, 15 Apr 2010 20:16:46 +0530
    From: nach_sam@yahoo.com
    Subject: [MW:4850] Radiographic film interpretation
    To: materials-welding@googlegroups.com
     
    Hi all,
    In one RT film we have a 10-12 mm spot with density 3.13. The weld density is 3.17 and the parent metal density is 3.3. It is apparently interpass LoF in the 2nd fill pass after hot pass (confirmed by UT, where the indication ht is approx 20%of DAC). Is there any or what is the criteria for acceptance/rejection based on density difference?
    Rgds,
    Shashank Vagal
     
     
     
     
     
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    "Kale, Bhaskar M" <bmkale@gmail.com> Apr 17 12:23PM +0800 ^
     
    This is acceptance rejection criteria for film quality and not for the weld
    quality.
     
    our friend seek advice for acceptance rejection criteria for weld quality
    based on radiographic density.
     
    originally mentioned indication is most probably gas voids filled with some
    dense materials etc
    Regards, Bhaskar
     
    > The views expressed/exchnaged in this group are members personel views and
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    > w.r.t. applicable code/standard/contract documents.
     
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 Topic: [MW:4830] tky
    amarjit Singh <amritas2001@gmail.com> Apr 16 08:35AM -0700 ^
     
    Dear NAUTIYAL,
     
    since the MOC is SS304L with 8m dia, 30 mm thick having 3 long seam within
    one shell course following should be the approach of welding for better
    control on distoration.
     
    1) weld preparation equal V .
    2) Setup of seam in vertical axis with fixturing.
    3) use of DOT with GTAW.
    4) then parallel welding with SMAW from both side.
     
    After welding with DOT SMAW ned to be comenced in free condition from both
    side for better control
     
    SAW should be avoided in such type of joints
     
    Amarjit Singh
    TEMA INDIA LTD
     
     
     
     
    On Thu, Apr 8, 2010 at 12:20 AM, PREM SHANKARDUTT NAUTIYAL <
     
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    "Nivendkar Vinayak (Mumbai - Piping)" <V.Nivendkar@ticb.com> Apr 16 03:13AM -0700 ^
     
    Dear all,
     
    As per ASME B 31.1 Anex -A Table A-1 note 1 , it seems that we could not used welded pipe A 671 , A672 for pressure retaining parts of external boiler piping .
    But for the same time Plate material A515,A516 is allowed.
     
    Now my query "are welded pipes are not allowed for boiler external piping as per ASME B 31.1.
     
    Kindly reply.
     
    Regards,
    Vinayak Nivendkar
     
     
     
    Filtered by Hosted Filtering
     
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    ravishankar menon <ravimenakath@yahoo.co.in> Apr 16 01:34PM +0530 ^
     
    Dear all,
    Usually purging is necessry to eliminate presence of oxygen while doing low alloy steels and SS materials,To eliminate oxides inside the pipe weld beads, Cofirm purging should  be with nitrogen  and mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen or organ well before the welding  to remove oxygen in side the pipe.
     
    Ravishanker, 
     
     
     
     
    ________________________________
    From: qaqcmpm <mamujeebali@gmail.com>
    To: Materials & Welding <materials-welding@googlegroups.com>
    Sent: Thu, 15 April, 2010 11:27:58 AM
    Subject: [MW:4843] Ar purge for Low Alloy steel
     
    One of our client specn asks for argon purging of root pass (pressure
    retaining welds) for GTAW for Low alloy Cr-Mo steel? why it is
    required any idea?
     
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